【摘要】 目的 研究滴通鼻炎水对蛙口腔黏膜纤毛运动的影响。方法 采用蛙黏膜纤毛运动实验,用肉眼观察给药后小木屑在蛙上颚黏膜表面移动一定距离所需要的时间;用显微镜观察生理盐水组和滴通鼻炎水组对离体蛙口腔上颚黏膜纤毛持续摆动时间的影响;蛙口腔上颚黏膜用生理盐水或滴通鼻炎水浸润30 min后,分离蛙口腔上颚黏膜,用显微镜观察其纤毛持续摆动时间。结果 ①在整体动物实验中,滴通鼻炎水常用浓度、高浓度组给药前后对蛙黏膜纤毛运动均无明显影响(P>0.05);②在离体实验中,滴通鼻炎水常用浓度、高浓度组对蛙黏膜纤毛运动亦无明显影响(P>0.05);③在半在体法实验中,滴通鼻炎水对蛙纤毛运动持续时间有明显缩短作用(P<0.05),但作用强度显著弱于阳性对照药去氧胆酸钠。结论 滴通鼻炎水在整体实验和离体实验中对蛙黏膜纤毛的功能无明显影响,但滴通鼻炎水浸润30 min后对黏膜纤毛运动有抑制作用。
【关键词】 滴通鼻炎水;纤毛运动;毒性
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the influence of Ditong nasitis drop on frog palate mucosa cilia movement. Methods ①Record the time span of the small chips moving on the surface of frog palate mucosa by eyes; ② Observation of the time span of frog palate cilium continuing segmental motion in drug solution under microscope; ③Observation the time span of frog palate cilium continuing segmental motion after sufficient effect by drug solution under microscope. The above were used as indicators to examine the effects of different drug concentrations on frog palate mucosa cilia movement. Result ① No apparent effect has been found on frog mucosa cilium movement at the normal dosage and high dosage (the concentration of which are 0.395 g crude drug/mL & 1.58g crude drug/mL) of Ditong nasitis drop had dividedly acted on frog mucosa cilia, with the differences of no statistic significance(P> 0.05)in animal test; ② No obvious effect had been found on frog mucosa cilial movement at the normal dosage and high dosage of Ditong nasitis drop respectively, with the differences of no statistic significance(P> 0.05)in vitro; ③ Effect had been observed on weakening the continuing movement of frog mucosa cilia in vitro, indicating that Ditong nasitis drop inhibits cilial movement when acting on frog mucosa cilia for a relatively long time(P< 0.05). But the intensity is much weaker than positive control with deoxysodium cholate. Conclusion Ditong nasitis drop had no remarkable effect on injuring the function of frog mucosa cilia.
Key words:Ditong nasitis drop; cilial movement; toxicity
滴通鼻炎水由蒲公英、麻黄、黄芩、石菖蒲、苍耳子、辛夷等组成,具有消炎止痛、抗过敏功能,用于伤风鼻塞、急慢性鼻炎。理想的滴鼻剂或喷雾剂在治疗疾病的同时,不应对鼻黏膜纤毛运动产生抑制作用。为了评价滴通鼻炎水对鼻黏膜纤毛运动有无影响,本研究采用蛙黏膜纤毛运动实验,评价该药对鼻黏膜纤毛运动的影响,为临床安全用药提供参考。
1 材料
1.1 药物 滴通鼻炎水,批号:M1004,规格: 10 mL/ 瓶,广州白云山制药股份有限公司白云山外用药厂生产。质量浓度为0.395 g生药/mL,作为低剂量组用药。滴通鼻炎水浸膏(与配制上述成药同一批提取),按处方投料提取浓缩制成,广州白云山制药股份有限公司白云山外用药厂生产,质量浓度为4.266 g生药/g。试验时用生理盐水配成质量浓度为1.58 g生药/mL,为成药浓度的4 倍,作为高剂量组用药。
去氧胆酸钠,Sigma产品,批号(lot):61H0536。试验时,用生理盐水配成ρ =1%去氧胆酸钠溶液备用。
1.2 动物 蛙80只,体质量60~80 g,雌雄兼用,粤监正字2006C081号。
2 方法与结果
2.1 滴通鼻炎水对蛙黏膜纤毛运动的影响 取30只蛙,随机分成3组,即滴通鼻炎水低剂量组、滴通鼻炎水高剂量组、1%去氧胆酸钠组。
将蛙仰位固定于蛙板上,下颌扳开,用线贯穿,拉向下方并固定。并用图钉钉住上颌,使上颌的黏膜面得以充分暴露,不时用生理盐水少许湿润暴露的黏膜面。
于两眼窝前缘间的黏膜上置放芝麻大小的软木屑一粒。由于黏膜上皮的纤毛运动,将能看到小木屑逐渐向食道口方向移动。以上下颌角之间作为终点,用秒表记录木屑从起始线移动到终点线所需时间(s),连试3次,求出其平均值。然后用滴管加供试液0.1 mL于上颌的黏膜面,3 min后再以同法测试木屑从起始线移动到终点线所需时间3次,求其平均值,并与加药前的结果比较,计算相对运动比。如给药后木屑移行所需时间超过360 s,按360 s计。
相对运动比=(给药前木屑移行所需平均时间/给药后木屑移行所需平均时间)×100%
表1 滴通鼻炎水对蛙黏膜纤毛运动的影响(略)
Tab.1 Effect of the Ditong nasitis drop on the nasal mucocilia movement
与去氧胆酸钠比较: *P<0.01 (F检验);给药前后对照: #P<0.01 (t检验)
表1说明, 滴通鼻炎水低、高剂量对蛙黏膜纤毛运动无明显的影响,给药前后纤毛运动的差异无显著性。阳性对照药1%去氧胆酸钠能显著抑制蛙黏膜纤毛运动。
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